1. Glossary
  2. Skeletal system

Skeletal system

The skeletal system is the framework of bones and connective tissues in the human body. It provides stability and support, allowing us to stand, walk, and perform daily activities. Comprising over 200 bones, including the skull, spine, ribs, and limbs, it protects vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs.

Beyond its structural role, the skeletal system is crucial for movement. Bones act in concert with muscles, ligaments, and tendons to facilitate motion and flexibility. This collaboration enables everything from simple actions like picking up a pen to complex motions like running or jumping.

The skeletal system is also vital for producing blood cells. Within certain bones lies bone marrow, which generates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, all essential for carrying oxygen, fighting infection, and stopping bleeding. Additionally, bones serve as a storage site for minerals like calcium and phosphorus, which are important for bone strength and overall health.

Together, these functions underscore the essential role of the skeletal system in maintaining the body’s health and facilitating daily life.

Other glossary terms

ABG (arterial blood gas)

An ABG (arterial blood gas) test measures levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acidity in the blood to assess lung and kidney function.

Absence from work

Absence from work is when an employee is not present during scheduled working hours due to various reasons like illness or personal commitments.

Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is a common medication used to relieve pain and reduce fever, often found in over-the-counter and prescription products.

Acne

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to pimples and other lesions.

ACS (acute coronary syndrome)

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a serious heart condition where blood flow to the heart is suddenly reduced, requiring immediate medical attention.

Acute (sudden onset or short duration)

"Acute" refers to a medical condition that appears suddenly and resolves over a short time.

Acyclovir

Acyclovir is a medication used to treat infections caused by certain viruses like herpes and shingles, reducing the severity and duration of symptoms.

Adalimumab

Adalimumab is a medication used to treat inflammatory conditions by reducing inflammation through targeting specific proteins in the body.

Addiction

Addiction is a compulsive engagement with substances or behaviors that negatively impact one's life.

Addison's disease

Addison's disease is a rare condition leading to insufficient hormone production by the adrenal glands, causing symptoms like fatigue and low blood pressure.

ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)

ADHD is a common condition affecting attention, impulse control, and activity level, characterized by symptoms like distractibility, impulsivity, and restlessness.

ADL (activities of daily living)

ADL (activities of daily living) refers to essential daily self-care tasks, crucial for maintaining independence and well-being.

Adrenal gland

The adrenal glands are small, triangle-shaped organs on top of the kidneys that produce hormones essential for stress response, metabolism, and blood pressure regulation.

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a hormone and medication that helps the body respond to stress and is used in medical emergencies, like severe allergic reactions.

Allergen

An allergen is a substance that can trigger an allergic reaction in certain people.

Allergies

Allergies are the immune system's overreaction to typically harmless substances such as pollen or certain foods, causing symptoms from sneezing to potential severe reactions.

Allergist

An allergist is a medical specialist who diagnoses and treats allergies and related immune system reactions.

Allergy

An allergy is an immune system response to a harmless substance, mistakenly identified as a threat.

ALP (alkaline phosphatase)

ALP (alkaline phosphatase) is an enzyme found in the body that helps in protein breakdown, with its levels indicating liver and bone health.

Alprazolam

Alprazolam is a medication used to treat anxiety and panic disorders by calming the brain through its effects on natural chemicals in the body.

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