Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the white blood cells, also known as lymphocytes, which are a crucial part of the body’s immune system. These cells help the body fight infections and other diseases. Unlike Hodgkin lymphoma, which is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, non-Hodgkin lymphoma consists of a variety of lymphocyte types that turn cancerous.
There are many different forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, each with varying characteristics and growth rates. It can either grow slowly over the years (indolent) or spread aggressively and rapidly (aggressive). Symptoms may include swollen lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss. Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy of the affected lymph nodes.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can develop at any age but is more common in adults. Treatment depends on the type and stage of the lymphoma and may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these. While certain risk factors like a weakened immune system, infections, and age may increase the likelihood of developing this disease, the exact cause is often unknown.
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